Aging Factors
Aging of the entire human organism consists predominantly in the decrease of the amount of active cells and their regeneration. French physiologist and surgeon Alexis Carrel claimed that if the cells were constantly nourished with lymph, they would be able to live eternally. This kind of conclusion was based on his own experiences made in vitro on the cells of chicken's heart. The greatest abilities of regeneration in the entire human body show the cells of bone marrow and reproductive layer of epidermis. Changes in the skin cells consist of:
* partial atrophy of active cells;
* hypertrophy of connective tissue;
* reduction of water content in cell colloids;
* cumulation of concrement in the cells as well as intercellular substances;
* feebleness of cell reproduction.
* Changes in particular skin layers:
Epidermis:
* basal cell layer creates fewer cells;
* both princle cell layer and granular layer of the epidermis become thinner;
* corneal layer may show the tendency of outgrowing;
* the amount of pigment is decreasing. The places prone to insolation may show the opposite tendency, meaning the amount of pigment in the skin is increasing. This may lead to the creation of skin hyperpigmentation and depigmentation as well;
* the ability of water bonding is decreasing and occurs skin dryness.
Dermis:
* collagen fibres become thinner, flatter, they show abnormality of their system until they convert into amorphic substance as a result of excessive insolation (the process is called elastosis-the loss of elasticity in the skin that results from degeneration of connective tissue);
* the number of elastic fibres is decreasing, sometimes their atrophy is observed;
* the amount of capilary vessels is being diminished and less elastic;
* motor ability of vessels is decreased what in consequence causes worse regulation of vessels temperature;
* permanent process of angiectasia is observed;
* wrinkles; its cause lies in the decrease of lipoid coat and skin hydration, what leads to xerodermia;
Factors influencing wrinkles formation:
– degeneration and atrophy of elastic fibres of the papila layer;
– change of collagenous fibre structure;
– mime, which depends on degree of skin flaccidity.
The factors accelerating the process of skin ageing:
* prostrating diseases;
* unhygienic lifestyle (staying in sultry rooms);
* unproper nutrition (too much of animal fat, a shortage of varius vitamins and minerals and microelements);
* smoking – the nicotine damages vitamine C, which plays crucial role in detoxication of the human body, and is inevitable in the process of building proper collagen structure and preserving elasticity of walls of blood vessels. When a person is a nicotine addict his skin becomes greyish and yellowish as a result of oxygen deficiency in tissues;
* overuse of alcohol - alcohol damages vitamine B1 (which is inevitable in the proper activity of the nervous system), disturbs the process of metabolism, causes angiectasia of blood vessels and loss of elacticity of skin and muscles;
* atmospheric conditions – frost, heat, wind speed, excessive insolation.
Prevage Anti-Aging Skin Care